Coal-resource-based cities have been formed as coal mine developed. Coal mines which came into being in the early times provided large quantity of energy for China's industrial growth, which determines China's coal-resource-based cities through starting, rapid developing, pre-transforming and transforming periods. Coal resource-based cities also altered, some may not belong to coal cities, and some areas are becoming new coal cities. There are totally 73 coal-resource-based cities, 38.9% of resource-based cities (excluding counties and districts), mainly distributing in northeast, central and southern China. Over 100-year's evolution, industrial structure, urban function, mining/city separation, eco-environment of coal-resource-based cities have been becoming the barrier against urban transformation. This paper presents suggestions on guideline of governmental policies, optimizing urban function and improving urban quality.

 Exploring the transformation of coal independent mining area is a vital task in the macroscopic environment of reducing coal production and transformation. This paper, based on a case study on Shenjiazhuang coal mine in Ci county, uses sustainable development theory which is based on generalized earth system theory and onsite investigation to analyze the issues in mining area, such as sole industrial structure, striking dual mine-country structure, worsening eco-environment, group conflicts and employments, and presents suggestions in coordinated development of three industries, overall mine-country planning, improving environment, multi-participated transformation and rational employment, aiming at a successful transformation of sustainable development in coal independent mining area, which is of value in reducing coal production, promoting mine-country united development, optimizing industrial system in mining area, improving eco-environment and stabilizing social order.

This paper, based on a case study on Xuangang mining area, analyzes the primary issues of transformation development, identifies the development strategies and discusses the thoughts on the transformation development in resourcesexhausted mining areas with the circular economic theory. Issues of sole industrial structure, employment conflict, poor infrastructure and living environment can be improved by benefitoriented transformation development with the guidance of sustainable development and circular economy theory. The overall thoughts include constructing industrial links, considering comprehensive benefits, optimizing infrastructure and making spatial planning. JP